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The plus sign (+) and the minus sign (−) are mathematical symbols used to denote positive and negative functions, respectively. In addition, + represents the operation of addition, which results in a sum, while − represents subtraction, resulting in a difference. [ 1 ] Their use has been extended to many other meanings, more or less analogous.
The plus–minus sign or plus-or-minus sign, ±, is a symbol with multiple meanings. In mathematics, it generally indicates a choice of exactly two possible values, one of which is obtained through addition and the other through subtraction. In statistics and experimental sciences, the sign commonly indicates the confidence interval or ...
In common numeral notation (used in arithmetic and elsewhere), the sign of a number is often made explicit by placing a plus or a minus sign before the number. For example, +3 denotes "positive three", and −3 denotes "negative three" (algebraically: the additive inverse of 3). Without specific context (or when no explicit sign is given), a ...
± (plus–minus sign) 1. Denotes either a plus sign or a minus sign. 2. Denotes the range of values that a measured quantity may have; for example, 10 ± 2 denotes an unknown value that lies between 8 and 12. ∓ (minus-plus sign) Used paired with ±, denotes the opposite sign; that is, + if ± is –, and – if ± is +.
Order of operations. In mathematics and computer programming, the order of operations is a collection of rules that reflect conventions about which operations to perform first in order to evaluate a given mathematical expression. These rules are formalized with a ranking of the operations. The rank of an operation is called its precedence, and ...
The plus–minus sign, ±, is used as a shorthand notation for two expressions written as one, representing one expression with a plus sign, the other with a minus sign. For example, y = x ± 1 represents the two equations y = x + 1 and y = x − 1. Sometimes, it is used for denoting a positive-or-negative term such as ±x.
Unary operation. In mathematics, a unary operation is an operation with only one operand, i.e. a single input. [1] This is in contrast to binary operations, which use two operands. [2] An example is any function , where A is a set. The function is a unary operation on A.
Widmann used the minus symbol with the plus symbol, to indicate deficit and surplus, respectively. [52] In Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni e proportionalità, [53] Luca Pacioli used symbols for plus and minus symbols and contained algebra, though much of the work originated from Piero della Francesca whom he appropriated and purloined.