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sick·le cell a·ne·mi·a
/ˌsikəl sel əˈnēmēə/noun
- 1. a severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels. It is most common among those of African descent.
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Sickle cell disease ( SCD ), also simply called sickle cell, is a group of hemoglobin-related blood disorders typically inherited. [2] The most common type is known as sickle cell anemia. [2] It results in an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. [2]
Sickle cell trait describes a condition in which a person has one abnormal allele of the hemoglobin beta gene (is heterozygous ), but does not display the severe symptoms of sickle cell disease that occur in a person who has two copies of that allele (is homozygous ).
Sickle-cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of two incompletely recessive alleles. When a sufferer's red blood cells are exposed to low- oxygen conditions, the cells lose their healthy round shape and become sickle-shaped.
" Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease " is a 1949 scientific paper by Linus Pauling, Harvey A. Itano, Seymour J. Singer and Ibert C. Wells that established sickle-cell anemia as a genetic disease in which affected individuals have a different form of the metalloprotein hemoglobin in their blood.
Sickle cell anemia – most common in those of African, Hispanic, and Mediterranean origin – leads to sickle cell crisis when the circulation of blood vessels is obstructed by sickled red blood cells, causing ischemic injuries.
Causes of increased breakdown include genetic disorders such as sickle cell anemia, infections such as malaria, and certain autoimmune diseases. [1] Anemia can also be classified based on the size of the red blood cells and amount of hemoglobin in each cell. [1]
The Sickle Cell Disease Association of America, Inc. ( SCDAA) is a nonprofit organization with the sole purpose of supporting research, education and funding of individuals, families those who are impacted by sickle cell disease .
This page was last edited on 13 June 2018, at 08:21 (UTC).
Transfusion therapy for sickle-cell disease entails the use of red blood cell transfusions in the management of acute cases of sickle cell disease and as a prophylaxis to prevent complications by decreasing the number of red blood cells (RBC) that can sickle by adding normal red blood cells. [citation needed]
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