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The Roman calendar was the calendar used by the Roman Kingdom and Roman Republic. Although the term is primarily used for Rome's pre-Julian calendars, it is often used inclusively of the Julian calendar established by the reforms of the Dictator Julius Caesar and Emperor Augustus in the late 1st century BC. [a]
12 May: Saints Nereus and Achilleus, Martyrs – optional memorial; 12 May: Saint Pancras, Martyr – optional memorial; 13 May: Our Lady of Fatima – optional memorial; 14 May: Saint Matthias, Apostle – feast; 18 May: Saint John I, Pope and Martyr – optional memorial; 20 May: Saint Bernardine of Siena, Priest – optional memorial
Nereus and Achilleus are two Roman martyr saints. In the present General Roman Calendar, revised in 1969, Nereus and Achilleus (together) are celebrated (optional memorials) on 12 May. The Tridentine calendar had on 12 May a joint feast (semidouble rank) of Nereus, Achilleus
Unless otherwise noted, the calendar is that of H.H. Scullard, Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. Ianuarius. 1 : From 153 BC onward, consuls entered office on this date, accompanied by vota publica (public vows for the wellbeing of the republic and later of the emperor) and the taking of auspices.
Maius or mensis Maius was the third month of the ancient Roman calendar, following Aprilis and preceding Iunius . On the oldest Roman calendar that had begun with March, it was the third of ten months in the year. May had 31 days. The Romans considered May an infelicitous month.
12 May: Bl. Joana Princess of Portugal, Virgin, III class, Com. of Ss. Nereus, Achilleus, Domitilla Virgin, and Pancras Martyrs; 13 May: Our Lady of the Rosary of Fátima, II class, Com. of St. Robert Bellarmine Bishop, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church; 10 June: The Holy Guardian Angel of Portugal, III class, Com. of St. Margaret Queen, Widow
9 May: Gregory the Theologian bishop and confessor, Double. 10 May: Gordian and Epimachus martyrs. 11 May: 12 May: Nereus, Achilleus, and Pancras martyrs. 13 May: 14 May: Boniface martyr. 15 May: 16 May: 17 May: 18 May: 19 May: Pudentiana virgin. 20 May: 21 May: 22 May: 23 May: 24 May: 25 May: Urban pope and martyr. 26 May: Eleutherius pope and ...
The solemnities, feasts, and commemorations of the General Roman Calendar which may, according to the Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite, replace a Sunday of the Ordinary time are: Feast of the Presentation of the Lord on 2 February
The changes that the latter Pope made in 1955 are indicated in General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII. They included: a revision of the Church's traditional ranking of liturgical days; the institution of the feast of St. Joseph the Worker on May 1 as a Double of the I Class, requiring the transfer of Ss.
The earliest possible date for the feast is May 13 (of the Western calendar), and the latest possible date is June 16. Some of the Oriental Orthodox Churches, however, observe Ascension on the same date as the Western Churches.