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The first known English personification of Christmas was associated with merry-making, singing and drinking. A carol attributed to Richard Smart, Rector of Plymtree in Devon from 1435 to 1477, has 'Sir Christemas' announcing the news of Christ's birth and encouraging his listeners to drink: "Buvez bien par toute la compagnie, / Make good cheer and be right merry, / And sing with us now ...
The first Christmas celebrations in Australia have their roots in late 1788 and were introduced by convicts of the First Fleet, who arrived in Sydney Harbour early the same year. From the 19th century onwards, the tradition of erecting Christmas trees, the sending of Christmas cards and the display of decorations spread throughout Australia.
Christmas tree decorated with lights, stars, and glass balls Glade jul by Viggo Johansen (1891) Typical North American family decorating Christmas tree (c. 1970s). A Christmas tree is a decorated tree, usually an evergreen conifer, such as a spruce, pine or fir, or an artificial tree of similar appearance, associated with the celebration of Christmas.
The 1823 poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas" popularized this image in North America during the 19th century. Caricaturist and political cartoonist Thomas Nast also played a role in the creation of Santa's image. [57] [58] [59] The traditional 1823 Christmas poem A Visit from St. Nicholas relates that Santa has: "a little round belly
18–19th century "Oh bento airoso " ("O Blessed And Graceful Mystery") Traditional 15–16th century "Pela Noite de Natal " ("It Was Christmas Night") Traditional 16th century Translated into English as "All That Wondrous Christmas Night" by Eduardo Marzo "Roxozinho está deitado " ("The Rosy-cheeked Boy Is Lying") Traditional 1889
The Christmas tree was introduced in Britain during the 18th century, and its use was popularised by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. [5] In the early 19th century there had been a revival of interest in Christmas carols, following a decline in popularity over the previous hundred years