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Sickle cell disease (SCD), also simply called sickle cell, is a group of hemoglobin-related blood disorders typically inherited. [2] The most common type is known as sickle cell anemia. [2] It results in an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. [2] This leads to a rigid, sickle -like shape under ...
Anemia or anaemia (British English) is a blood disorder in which the blood has a reduced ability to carry oxygen. This can be due to a lower than normal number of red blood cells, a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin available for oxygen transport, or abnormalities in hemoglobin that impair its function. [3][4]
Sickle-cell versions of hemoglobin stick to themselves, stacking to form fibers that distort the shape of red blood cells carrying the protein. These sickle-shaped cells no longer flow smoothly through blood vessels, having a tendency to clog or degrade, causing the medical problems associated with this disease. [citation needed]
For other uses, see Mutation (disambiguation). Three major single-chromosome mutations: deletion (1), duplication (2) and inversion (3). In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. [ 1 ] Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA.
Socioeconomic factors are the related cause, alongside it presenting barriers to treatment in the disease. [30] Sickle cell disease is more susceptible to be found in those of descent from places such as those in the Mediterranean, Italy, Turkey, and Greece, as well as Africa and regions of South and Central America. [48]
However, in systemic lupus erythematosus it is 4 to 14%, [106] and in sickle cell disease, it ranges from 20 to 40%. [107] Up to 4% of people who develop a pulmonary embolism go on to develop chronic thromboembolic disease including pulmonary hypertension. [ 40 ]
These are the biggest symptoms of COVID-19, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Fever or chills. Cough. Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. Sore throat ...
Stroke (also known as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or brain attack) is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death. [ 5 ] There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and. hemorrhagic, due to bleeding.