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The less-than sign is a mathematical symbol that denotes an inequality between two values. The widely adopted form of two equal-length strokes connecting in an acute angle at the left, <, has been found in documents dated as far back as the 1560s.
± (plus–minus sign) 1. Denotes either a plus sign or a minus sign. 2. Denotes the range of values that a measured quantity may have; for example, 10 ± 2 denotes an unknown value that lies between 8 and 12. ∓ (minus-plus sign) Used paired with ±, denotes the opposite sign; that is, + if ± is –, and – if ± is +.
Visual proof of the Pythagorean identity: for any angle , the point (,) = (, ) lies on the unit circle, which satisfies the equation + =.Thus, + =. In mathematics, an identity is an equality relating one mathematical expression A to another mathematical expression B, such that A and B (which might contain some variables) produce the same value for all values of the variables ...
The word approximation is derived from Latin approximatus, from proximus meaning very near and the prefix ad-(ad-before p becomes ap- by assimilation) meaning to. [1] Words like approximate, approximately and approximation are used especially in technical or scientific contexts.
In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total.Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions, vectors, matrices, polynomials and, in general, elements of any type of mathematical objects on which an operation denoted "+" is defined.
When placed after a number, a plus sign can indicate an open range of numbers. For example, "18+" is commonly used as shorthand for "ages 18 and up". In US grading systems, the plus sign indicates a grade one level higher and the minus sign a grade lower. For example, B− ("B minus") is one grade lower than B.
An alternative notation for this usage is to typeset the letters "def" above an ordinary equality sign, =. [14] Similarly, another alternative notation for this usage is to precede the equals sign with a colon, :=. The colon notation has the advantage that it reflects the inherent asymmetry in the definition of one object from already defined ...
In mathematics, sine and cosine are trigonometric functions of an angle.The sine and cosine of an acute angle are defined in the context of a right triangle: for the specified angle, its sine is the ratio of the length of the side that is opposite that angle to the length of the longest side of the triangle (the hypotenuse), and the cosine is the ratio of the length of the adjacent leg to that ...