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The Malaria Atlas Project aims to map global levels of malaria, providing a way to determine the global spatial limits of the disease and to assess disease burden. [218] [219] This effort led to the publication of a map of P. falciparum endemicity in 2010 and an update in 2019. [220] [221] [222] As of 2021, 84 countries have endemic malaria. [17]
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. [1][2][3] It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically.
By way of analogy, the allele (a particular version of a gene) which causes sickle cell disease when two copies are present, also confers an adaptive advantage when one copy is present by providing resistance to malaria with non-symptomatic sickle cell trait—which is known as "heterozygote advantage".
The cell wall also prevents over-expansion when water enters the cell. [45] The major polysaccharides making up the primary cell wall of land plants are cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. The cellulose microfibrils are linked together with hemicellulose, embedded in a pectin matrix. The most common hemicellulose in the primary cell wall is ...
Stroke (also known as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or brain attack) is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death. [5] There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and. hemorrhagic, due to bleeding.
A color-coded map of the world in 1970, showing the divide of countries of the world in the Cold War Green — Non-self-governing possessions of U.S. allies Blue — U.S. and U.S. allies Red — Soviet Union and its communist allies Orange — Communist countries not aligned with the Soviet Union Pink — Non Communist allies of Soviet Union
The Mexican–American War, [ a ] also known in the United States as the Mexican War, and in Mexico as the United States intervention in Mexico, [ b ] was an invasion of Mexico by the United States Army from 1846 to 1848. It followed the 1845 American annexation of Texas, which Mexico still considered its territory because it refused to ...
The Midwestern United States, also referred to as the Midwest or the American Midwest, is one of four census regions of the United States Census Bureau. It occupies the northern central part of the United States. [ 1 ] It was officially named the North Central Region by the U.S. Census Bureau until 1984. [ 2 ]