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Shannon–Fano coding. In the field of data compression, Shannon–Fano coding, named after Claude Shannon and Robert Fano, is one of two related techniques for constructing a prefix code based on a set of symbols and their probabilities (estimated or measured). Shannon's method chooses a prefix code where a source symbol. i {\displaystyle i}
Web platform, iOS, Android, Microsoft Office. Type. Mathematical software. License. Freeware. Website. math .microsoft .com. Microsoft Math Solver (formerly Microsoft Mathematics and Microsoft Math) is an entry-level educational app that solves math and science problems.
Word ladder (also known as Doublets, [1] word-links, change-the-word puzzles, paragrams, laddergrams, [2] or word golf) is a word game invented by Lewis Carroll. A word ladder puzzle begins with two words, and to solve the puzzle one must find a chain of other words to link the two, in which two adjacent words (that is, words in successive ...
Add a letter and crack the code! Add a letter and crack the code! Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us. Mail ...
Book cipher. A book cipher is a cipher in which each word or letter in the plaintext of a message is replaced by some code that locates it in another text, the key . A simple version of such a cipher would use a specific book as the key, and would replace each word of the plaintext by a number that gives the position where that word occurs in ...
Heuristic (computer science) In mathematical optimization and computer science, heuristic (from Greek εὑρίσκω "I find, discover") is a technique designed for problem solving more quickly when classic methods are too slow for finding an exact or approximate solution, or when classic methods fail to find any exact solution in a search space.
Code word (figure of speech), designed to convey a predetermined meaning to a receptive audience, while remaining inconspicuous to others. Procedure word, in voice communication. Code word, an element of a codebook designed so that the meaning of the code word is opaque without the code book. Code name, a clandestine name or cryptonym used to ...
Mathematical definition. In mathematical terms, the extended binary Golay code G24 consists of a 12-dimensional linear subspace W of the space V = F24. 2 of 24-bit words such that any two distinct elements of W differ in at least 8 coordinates. W is called a linear code because it is a vector space. In all, W comprises 4096 = 212 elements.
Code word (communication) In communication, a code word is an element of a standardized code or protocol. Each code word is assembled in accordance with the specific rules of the code and assigned a unique meaning. Code words are typically used for reasons of reliability, clarity, brevity, or secrecy.
However, in cryptography, code has a more specific meaning: the replacement of a unit of plaintext (i.e., a meaningful word or phrase) with a code word (for example, "wallaby" replaces "attack at dawn"). A cypher, in contrast, is a scheme for changing or substituting an element below such a level (a letter, a syllable, or a pair of letters, etc ...