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  2. Sickle cell disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickle_cell_disease

    Sickle cell disease (SCD), also simply called sickle cell, is a group of hemoglobin-related blood disorders typically inherited. [2] The most common type is known as sickle cell anemia. [2] It results in an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. [2] This leads to a rigid, sickle -like shape under ...

  3. After Being Diagnosed with MS, This 52-Year-Old Ran Marathons ...

    www.aol.com/being-diagnosed-ms-52-old-153316473.html

    MS, short for multiple sclerosis, is a disease where “the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your brain and ...

  4. CRISPR gene editing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing

    In 2023, the first drug making use of CRISPR gene editing, Casgevy, was approved for use in the United Kingdom to cure sickle-cell disease and beta thalassemia. [13] [14] Casgevy was approved for use in the United States on December 8, 2023, by the Food and Drug Administration. [15]

  5. Malaria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria

    Sickle cell trait causes a change in the haemoglobin molecule in the blood. Normally, red blood cells have a very flexible, biconcave shape that allows them to move through narrow capillaries ; however, when the modified haemoglobin S molecules are exposed to low amounts of oxygen, or crowd together due to dehydration, they can stick together ...

  6. Mutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation

    Such mutations are responsible for diseases such as Epidermolysis bullosa, sickle-cell disease, and SOD1-mediated ALS. [51] On the other hand, if a missense mutation occurs in an amino acid codon that results in the use of a different, but chemically similar, amino acid, then sometimes little or no change is rendered in the protein.

  7. Multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. [3] Being a demyelinating disease, MS disrupts the ability of parts of the nervous system to transmit signals, resulting in a range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric ...

  8. Leprosy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leprosy

    Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. [4][7] Infection can lead to damage of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. [4] This nerve damage may result in a lack of ability to feel pain, which can lead to the loss of parts of a person's ...

  9. Pulmonary hypertension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hypertension

    However, in systemic lupus erythematosus it is 4 to 14%, [106] and in sickle cell disease, it ranges from 20 to 40%. [107] Up to 4% of people who develop a pulmonary embolism go on to develop chronic thromboembolic disease including pulmonary hypertension. [ 40 ]

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