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Sickle cell disease ( SCD ), also simply called sickle cell, is a group of hemoglobin-related blood disorders typically inherited. [2] The most common type is known as sickle cell anemia. [2] It results in an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. [2]
Sickle cell trait describes a condition in which a person has one abnormal allele of the hemoglobin beta gene (is heterozygous ), but does not display the severe symptoms of sickle cell disease that occur in a person who has two copies of that allele (is homozygous ).
Harvey Itano. I. Contributions to the Study of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin II. A Rapid Diagnostic Test for Sickle Cell Anemia (1950) Harvey Akio Itano ( Japanese: ハーベイ・アキオ・イタノ [1], November 3, 1920 – May 8, 2010) was an American biochemist best known for his work on the molecular basis of sickle cell anemia and other diseases.
His first discovery, in 1910, was that of sickle-shaped red blood cells on the blood film of a dental [4] student from Grenada. His description of the student's disease was known for many years as Herrick's syndrome, and is now known as sickle-cell disease.
Victoria Gray. Victoria Gray was the first patient ever to be treated with the gene-editing tool CRISPR for sickle-cell disease. [1] This marked the initial indication that a cure is attainable for individuals born with sickle-cell disease and another severe blood disorder, beta-thalassemia. [1]
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In 1979, Anionwu became the United Kingdom's first sickle-cell and thalassemia nurse specialist, helping establish the Brent Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Counselling centre [1] with consultant haematologist Milica Brozovic.
Fields. Pathology and hematology. Institutions. University of Tennessee 1929. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital 1962. Lemuel Whitley Diggs (January 8, 1900 – January 8, 1995) was an American pathologist who specialized in sickle cell anemia and hematology .
Roland Boyd Scott (April 18, 1909 – December 10, 2002) was an American researcher, pediatrician and authority on sickle cell disease. [1] Scott authored a key paper in 1948 describing the incidence of sickle cell in infants that eventually led to the establishment of routine screening for newborns. [1] He established the Howard University ...
Transfusion therapy for sickle-cell disease entails the use of red blood cell transfusions in the management of acute cases of sickle cell disease and as a prophylaxis to prevent complications by decreasing the number of red blood cells (RBC) that can sickle by adding normal red blood cells. [citation needed]
" Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease " is a 1949 scientific paper by Linus Pauling, Harvey A. Itano, Seymour J. Singer and Ibert C. Wells that established sickle-cell anemia as a genetic disease in which affected individuals have a different form of the metalloprotein hemoglobin in their blood.