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  2. Sickle cell disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickle_cell_disease

    Sickle cell disease is a group of blood disorders inherited from both parents, causing abnormal red blood cells that can lead to pain, anemia, infections, and organ damage. Learn about the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sickle cell disease and its subtypes.

  3. Anemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemia

    Anemia is a blood disorder in which the blood has a reduced ability to carry oxygen. It can be caused by blood loss, decreased red blood cell production, or increased red blood cell breakdown. Learn about the types, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of anemia.

  4. Hemoglobin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin

    Hemoglobin is a metalloprotein, chromoprotein, and globulin that facilitates the transport of oxygen in red blood cells. It has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL of O 2 per gram, and also transports carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, and other molecules in different organisms.

  5. Mutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation

    Mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Mutations can result from errors during DNA or viral replication, mitosis, meiosis or other types of damage to DNA, and can produce detectable changes in the phenotype or genetic variation.

  6. CRISPR gene editing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing

    CRISPR is a technique to modify the genomes of living organisms by using a bacterial enzyme called Cas9 and a synthetic guide RNA. It can be used for various purposes in biotechnology and medicine, but also raises ethical concerns.

  7. Plasmodium falciparum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmodium_falciparum

    Plasmodium falciparum is a unicellular protozoan parasite of humans, and the deadliest species of Plasmodium that causes malaria in humans. [2] The parasite is transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito and causes the disease's most dangerous form, falciparum malaria.

  8. Genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics

    Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. It covers topics such as gene structure and function, variation and distribution, molecular and population genetics, and the history of genetics from Mendel to modern times.

  9. Spinal muscular atrophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_muscular_atrophy

    Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that affects motor neurons and causes progressive muscle weakness. It is classified into different types based on the age of onset and the severity of symptoms, with SMA type 1 being the most severe and early-onset form.