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The main sources of reserve officers are: Military schools, colleges and academies, which prepare career officers (who join the reserve after concluding active duty) Military educational units in civilian higher-education institutions of higher education, such as the US' Reserve Officers' Training Corps; Reserve officer's courses; Direct commission
The last of the Reserve Good Conduct Medals to be authorized, [3] the U.S. Army Reserve Components Achievement Medal (ARCAM), [4] was established by the Secretary of the Army on 3 March 1971 [3] and amended by Department of the Army General Orders 4, in 1974.
The Army Training Command (ARTRAC), at Shimla, supervises training of personnel. In 2020 a 'Tour of Duty' scheme was proposed for voluntary recruitment into the forces for civilians, to enable them to join for three years of short service. [157] The scheme is on a trial basis and will start with a test group of 100 officers and 1000 jawans. [158]
During World War I (WWI), a US Army Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) was established under the Department of Military Science and Tactics, and IU women graduates became yeomen (F). [23] The 7 December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor galvanized the university administration (some of whom were WWI veterans) and the student body.
There were precursors for what was later termed civil affairs in Central America and in Cambodia during the 1991 to 1993 period. For example, the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)’s civil administration component was responsible for the supervision of administrative structures in Cambodia, ranging from public security to finance and information. [2]
Air Force ROTC emblem. The Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps (AFROTC) is one of the three primary commissioning sources for officers in the United States Air Force and United States Space Force, the other two being the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) and Air Force Officer Training School (OTS). [1]
Members of the Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps are assigned various ranks, the titles and insignia of which are based on those used by the United States Armed Forces (and its various ROTCs), specifically the United States Army, U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, U.S Space Force, and the U.S. Coast Guard.
Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw [3] MC (4 April 1914 – 27 June 2008), also known as Sam Bahadur ("Sam the Brave"), was the chief of the army staff of the Indian Army during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971, and the first Indian Army officer to be promoted to the rank of field marshal.