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The plus sign (+) and the minus sign (−) are mathematical symbols used to denote positive and negative functions, respectively. In addition, + represents the operation of addition, which results in a sum, while − represents subtraction, resulting in a difference.
The plus–minus sign or plus-or-minus sign, ±, is a symbol with multiple meanings: In mathematics, it generally indicates a choice of exactly two possible values, one of which is obtained through addition and the other through subtraction.
Typographical symbols and punctuation marks are marks and symbols used in typography with a variety of purposes such as to help with legibility and accessibility, or to identify special cases. This list gives those most commonly encountered with Latin script.
1. Denotes either a plus sign or a minus sign. 2. Denotes the range of values that a measured quantity may have; for example, 10 ± 2 denotes an unknown value that lies between 8 and 12. ∓ ( minus-plus sign) Used paired with ±, denotes the opposite sign; that is, + if ± is –, and – if ± is +.
On personal computers with numeric keypads that use Microsoft operating systems, such as Windows, many characters that do not have a dedicated key combination on the keyboard may nevertheless be entered using the Alt code (the Alt numpad input method).
On some keyboards – including the original IBM PC/AT (and later) German keyboards – the asterisk (*) key on the numeric keypad is instead labeled with the multiplication sign (×), and the divide-key is labeled with the division sign (÷) instead of slash (/).
The hyphen-minus symbol -is the form of hyphen most commonly used in digital documents. On most keyboards, it is the only character that resembles a minus sign or a dash so it is also used for these. The name hyphen-minus derives from the original ASCII standard, where it was called hyphen–(minus).
To express the minus sign in math, U+2212 − MINUS SIGN is used instead. ^ As per Unicode 15.1.0, the degree sign is not a mathematical symbol, since it is a measurement unit symbol rather than a math symbol. Consistently, TeX packages support many non-math symbols.
The standard notation for this class uses the number sign symbol, not the sharp sign from music, but it is pronounced "sharp P". More generally, the number sign may be used to denote the class of counting problems associated with any class of search problems.
Keyboard entry. In Microsoft Windows, this division sign is produced with Alt +0247 (or 246 with no zero) on the number pad, or by pressing Alt Gr + ⇧ Shift + + when an appropriate keyboard layout is in use. In classic Mac OS and macOS, it is produced with ⌥ Option + / .