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The codes are intended for use by air, ground, sea, and space operations personnel at the tactical level. Code words that are followed by an asterisk (*) may differ in meaning from NATO usage. There is a key provided below to describe what personnel use which codes, as codes may have multiple meanings depending on the service.
The P-code is a PRN sequence much longer than the C/A code: 6.187104 x 10 12 chips. Even though the P-code chip rate (10.23 Mchip/s) is ten times that of the C/A code, it repeats only once per week, eliminating range ambiguity.
Amateur First Grade required an essay-type examination and five (later ten) words per minute code examination before a Radio Inspector at one of the Department's field offices. This class of license was renamed Amateur Class in 1927 and then Amateur First Class in 1932. Amateur Radio licensing in the United States began in mid-December 1912.
Area codes are also assigned for non-geographic purposes. The rules for numbering NPAs do not permit the digits 0 and 1 in the leading position. [1] Area codes with two identical trailing digits are easily recognizable codes (ERC). NPAs with 9 in the second position are reserved for future format expansion.
In amateur radio, QRP operation refers to transmitting at reduced power while attempting to maximize one's effective range. QRP operation is a specialized pursuit within the hobby that was first popularized in the early 1920s. QRP operators limit their transmitted RF output power to 5 W or less regardless of mode (Some call 10 W on Phone QRP) . [1]
Each codeword carries 21 bits of information (bits 31 through 11), 10 bits of error-correcting code (bits 10 through 1), and an even parity bit (bit 0). Bits 31 through 1 are a binary BCH code (31, 21). The error-correcting code has a 6-bit Hamming distance: each 31-bit codeword differs from every other codeword in at least 6 bits. Consequently ...
The Chevrolet S-10 is a compact pickup truck produced by Chevrolet.It was the first domestically-built compact pickup of the big three American automakers. When it was first introduced as a "quarter-ton pickup" in 1981 for the 1982 model year, the GMC version was known as the S-15 and later renamed the GMC Sonoma.
Marconi was born as Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi [11] [12] in Palazzo Marescalchi in Bologna on 25 April 1874, the second son of Giuseppe Marconi (an Italian aristocratic landowner from Porretta Terme) and his Irish wife Annie Jameson (daughter of Andrew Jameson of Daphne Castle in County Wexford, Ireland, and granddaughter of John Jameson, the Scottish founder of whiskey distillers ...