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It is a form of sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell anemia – most common in those of African, Hispanic, and Mediterranean origin – leads to sickle cell crisis when the circulation of blood vessels is obstructed by sickled red blood cells, causing ischemic injuries.
Pulmonology. The acute chest syndrome is a vaso-occlusive crisis of the pulmonary vasculature commonly seen in people with sickle cell anemia. This condition commonly manifests with a new opacification of the lung (s) on a chest x-ray. [1]
Vaso-occlusive crisis. The vaso-occlusive crisis is caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct capillaries and restrict blood flow to an organ, resulting in ischaemia, pain, necrosis, and often organ damage. The frequency, severity, and duration of these crises vary considerably.
A vaso-occlusive crisis occurs when sickled red blood cells block blood flow to the point that tissues become deprived of oxygen and causes pain.
It is a medication used to reduce the frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in people aged 16 years and older who have sickle cell anemia. It is given by injection into a vein. The most common side effects include joint pain, nausea, back pain, fever and abdominal (belly) pain.
Individuals who have HbAS have about 40%HbS, 56% HBA, and are usually asymptomatic unless there is a severe lack of oxygen to the body (hypoxia) which can lead to symptoms of sickle cell disease. However, HbAS does not cause vaso-occlusive crisis, which is known to be associated with sickle cell disease.
Splenic sequestration crisis is a life-threatening illness common in pediatric patients with homozygous sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia. Up to 30% of these children may develop splenic sequestration crisis with a mortality rate of up to 15%. This crisis occurs when splenic vaso-occlusion causes a large percentage of total blood volume ...
Hematology. Sickle cell trait describes a condition in which a person has one abnormal allele of the hemoglobin beta gene (is heterozygous ), but does not display the severe symptoms of sickle cell disease that occur in a person who has two copies of that allele (is homozygous ). Those who are heterozygous for the sickle cell allele produce ...
This leads to the so-called vaso-occlusive crisis, which is a hallmark of the disease. If fetal hemoglobin remains relatively high after birth, the number of painful episodes decreases in patients with sickle-cell disease and they have a better prognosis.
It is used to treat life-threatening complications of sickle cell disease such as stroke or acute chest crisis. [4] There are three main benefits of an exchange transfusion compared to a simple transfusion, these relate primarily to the ability to remove hemoglobin S containing red blood cells: [5]
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