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The plus sign (+) and the minus sign (−) are mathematical symbols used to denote positive and negative functions, respectively. In addition, + represents the operation of addition , which results in a sum , while − represents subtraction , resulting in a difference . [1]
The minus–plus sign, ∓, is generally used in conjunction with the ± sign, in such expressions as x ± y ∓ z, which can be interpreted as meaning x + y − z or x − y + z (but not x + y + z or x − y − z). The ∓ always has the opposite sign to ±.
Subtraction is usually written using the minus sign "−" between the terms; that is, in infix notation. The result is expressed with an equals sign. For example, = (pronounced as "two minus one equals one") = (pronounced as "four minus two equals two")
The hyphen-minus symbol -is the form of hyphen most commonly used in digital documents. On most keyboards, it is the only character that resembles a minus sign or a dash so it is also used for these. The name hyphen-minus derives from the original ASCII standard, where it was called hyphen–(minus).
1. Denotes either a plus sign or a minus sign. 2. Denotes the range of values that a measured quantity may have; for example, 10 ± 2 denotes an unknown value that lies between 8 and 12. ∓ ( minus-plus sign) Used paired with ±, denotes the opposite sign; that is, + if ± is –, and – if ± is +.
Unary minus sign. There are differing conventions concerning the unary operation '−' (usually pronounced "minus"). In written or printed mathematics, the expression −3 2 is interpreted to mean −(3 2) = −9.
Negative numbers are usually written with a minus sign in front. For example, −3 represents a negative quantity with a magnitude of three, and is pronounced "minus three" or "negative three".
When a minus sign is used in between two numbers, it represents the binary operation of subtraction. When a minus sign is written before a single number, it represents the unary operation of yielding the additive inverse (sometimes called negation ) of the operand.
In mathematical writing, the less-than sign is typically placed between two values being compared and signifies that the first number is less than the second number. Examples of typical usage include 1⁄2 < 1 and −2 < 0.
The standard notation for this class uses the number sign symbol, not the sharp sign from music, but it is pronounced "sharp P". More generally, the number sign may be used to denote the class of counting problems associated with any class of search problems.
