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Photomicrograph of normal-shaped and sickle-shape red blood cells from a patient with sickle cell disease. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that causes deformed red blood cells with a rigid, crescent shape instead of the normal flexible, round shape. [29] It is caused by a change in one nucleotide, a point mutation [30] in the HBB gene.
Thalassemias are inherited blood disorders that result in abnormal hemoglobin. [7] Symptoms depend on the type of thalassemia and can vary from none to severe. [1] Often there is mild to severe anemia (low red blood cells or hemoglobin) as thalassemia can affect the production of red blood cells and also affect how long the red blood cells live. [1]
Now that new gene therapies promise a cure for their sickle cell disease, Dongre says he's "praying the treatment should come to us.” Vast inequities cut much of the world off from gene therapy ...
New gene therapies promise a cure for sickle cell disease, and Dongre says he’s “praying the treatment should come to us.” Vast inequities cut much of the world off from gene therapy in general.
Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the context of a population. Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including molecular genetics, epigenetics, and population genetics.
Genetic studies on Arabs refers to the analyses of the genetics of ethnic Arab people in the Middle East and North Africa.Arabs are genetically diverse as a result of their intermarriage and mixing with indigenous people of the pre-Islamic Middle East and North Africa following the Arab and Islamic expansion.
To balance this loss of sickle-cell genes, a mutation rate of 1:10.2 per gene per generation would be necessary. This is about 1000 times greater than mutation rates measured in Drosophila and other organisms and much higher than recorded for the sickle-cell locus in Africans. [70]
Gene editing therapies aimed at increasing fetal hemoglobin production in beta thalassemia as well as sickle cell anemia by inhibiting the BCL11A gene have been developed. [ 44 ] [ 45 ] Exagamglogene autotemcel , sold under the brand name Casgevy, is a gene therapy for the treatment of transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia developed by Vertex ...